The Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, also known as the Fogong Temple Sakyamuni Pagoda, is located in Yingxian County, Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. It is the oldest and tallest existing pure wooden pavilion-style building.
The following is a detailed introduction:
• Historical Evolution: Built in the second year of the Qingning reign of the Liao Dynasty (1056 AD), it served as the ancestral temple of the Liao Dynasty royal family and witnessed nearly a thousand years of historical changes.
• Architectural Features: The pagoda stands 67.31 meters tall, with a base diameter of 30.27 meters. It is octagonal in plan, with five floors and six eaves on the exterior, but nine floors (including four concealed floors) on the interior. The pagoda is constructed entirely of wood, without nails or rivets. It utilizes 54 different types of bracket sets, 240 in total. It is the wooden pagoda with the most bracket sets in ancient Chinese architecture and is known as the "Bracket Museum."
• Cultural Relic Value: 158 precious Liao Dynasty artifacts were discovered within the pagoda, including scriptures, paintings, colored sculptures, and the Seven Treasures Buddha Tooth Relic. Among them, the Liao Tripitaka fills a gap in the Liao edition of the Tripitaka, and the "Sakyamuni Preaching Statue" is the earliest discovered color-printed woodblock print in my country. Furthermore, the pagoda contains 54 precious plaques, including "Exquisite Divine Craftsmanship" and "A Wonder of the World" written by Ming Chengzu Zhu Di and Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao, respectively.
• Cultural Significance: The Yingxian Wooden Pagoda stands as a testament to the integration of ethnic cultures, embodying the Liao Dynasty's pluralistic governance philosophy of "ruling the state with Confucianism" and "ruling the mind with Buddhism." It is also a model of ancient Chinese architectural art and a culmination of the rich heritage of Buddhist culture. It is considered one of the "Three Great Pagodas of the World," along with the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy and the Eiffel Tower in Paris.