May Day Trip to Southern Shanxi: Linfen & Yuncheng | St. Andrew's Cathedral in Xinjiang
The Catholic Cathedral of St. Andrew in Xinjiang County, also known as the "Xinjiang Cathedral," is located in the northwest corner of the ancient city of Xinjiang, Yuncheng. It is the seat of the Bishop's Office of the Yuncheng Diocese, responsible for the religious affairs of 13 counties and cities in the Yuncheng region and 6 counties and cities in the Linfen region, with over 18,000 Catholics. In 1620, Han Lin, a scholar and official from Jiangzhou, and Duan Gun, a member of the Ming imperial family from Jiangzhou, were baptized in Beijing with Xu Guangqi. They first invited the Italian Jesuit priest Jules Aleni to Jiangzhou to preach Catholic doctrine. In 1624, they invited the Italian Jesuit priest Alphonse Vagnoni to settle in Jiangzhou and establish a Catholic church. Lei Chong, the prefect of Jiangzhou, issued a proclamation encouraging the people to convert. In the early years, only over 200 people converted. After members of the Ming imperial family's Lingqiu Prince's Mansion converted to Christianity, they donated the mansion to the church, which is now the church compound. The original Lingqiu Prince's Palace complex was demolished in 1972. The existing buildings include the Lingqiu Prince's Palace gatehouse on the west side of the church, the east wing, the vestibule, and the garden and fishpond—Hanguang Pond—on the north side of the church.
On May 25, 1936, the Vatican established Jiangzhou as an Apostolic Prefectural District and designated Xinjiang as its cathedral. It belonged to the Dutch Franciscan Missionary District, with St. Anthony as its patron saint and appointed the Dutch Franciscan bishop, Kong Zhaoming, as its presiding bishop. The cathedral complex included a monastery, a convent, a nursing home, the Shoushan Andao School, and a Catholic council. The bishop's residence covered an area of over 50 mu (approximately 3.3 hectares) and had over 200 rooms.
In 1937, to celebrate her son's ascension to the position of presiding bishop, Bishop Kong's mother sponsored the construction of the Gothic-style Andao Cathedral, a blend of Chinese and Western architectural styles, using 45 kilograms of gold. Construction was completed in 1940. The church measures 46 meters from north to south and 26 meters from east to west. The nave is 14.5 meters high, and the twin-spired bell tower with its cast-iron cross reaches a height of 43 meters. The building covers an area of 1196 square meters. The facade is Gothic in style, while the main body is Chinese in style, with gable roofs topped with tiger-head tiles. Viewed from above, it resembles the Chinese character for "sheep," symbolizing "Christ's sheepfold." Inside, the view is unobstructed, and in the 1930s it was hailed by the Chinese as the "Great Hall Without Beams." The church is magnificent and imposing, its exquisite architecture resembling a fine brick sculpture. In this century, it has been praised by the Chinese people as one of the "Four Great Gothic Cathedrals of China," alongside those in Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Qingdao. In March 1938, Norman Bethune stayed overnight at the church on his way to Yan'an. In 1943, the invading Japanese army, using the church as a pretext, summoned Allied aircraft to bomb Xinjiang, and ordered the church to demolish its bell tower within three days. Ultimately, due to the church's imposing size, their plan failed. In 1954, the church was used as a granary. In 1966, during the Cultural Revolution, the church was sealed off, and Red Guards demolished the twin spires and central... Triangular screen; In 1980, with the opening of religious life, the government returned Andao Church to the church, but its attached buildings and land of more than 40 mu were still occupied by the Beijing Military Region; In 1988, Bishop Zheng Shouduo presided over the restoration of the twin-spired bell tower of Andao Cathedral; On June 6, 2016, the Shanxi Provincial People's Government announced it as a "Provincial Cultural Relics Protection Unit". Catholic Cathedral of St. Andao in Xinjiang County: Also known as "Xinjiang Cathedral", it is located in the northwest corner of the ancient city of Xinjiang, Yuncheng. It is the seat of the Bishop's Office of the Catholic Diocese of Yuncheng, responsible for the religious affairs of 13 counties and cities in Yuncheng and 6 counties and cities in Linfen, with more than 18,000 parishioners. In 1620, Han Lin, a scholar and official from Jiangzhou, and Duan Gun, a relative of the Ming dynasty imperial family from Jiangzhou, were baptized into Catholicism after following Xu Guangqi in Beijing. They were the first to invite the Italian Jesuit priest Jules Aleni to Jiangzhou to preach Catholic doctrine. In 1624, they invited the Italian Jesuit priest Alphonse Vagnoni to settle in Jiangzhou and establish a Catholic church. Lei Chong, the prefect of Jiangzhou, issued proclamations encouraging the people to convert. In the early years, only a little over 200 people, including those who had passed the imperial examinations, converted. After members of the Lingqiu Prince's Mansion of the Ming dynasty converted to Catholicism, they donated the mansion to the church, which is now the church compound. The original Lingqiu Prince's Mansion complex was demolished in 1972. The existing buildings include the Lingqiu Prince's Mansion gatehouse on the west side of the church, the east wing, the vestibule, and the garden and fishpond—Hanguang Pond—on the north side of the church.
On May 25, 1936, the Vatican established Jiangzhou as an Apostolic Prefectural District and designated Xinjiang as its cathedral. It belonged to the Dutch Franciscan Missionary District, with St. Anthony as its patron saint and appointed the Dutch Franciscan bishop, Kong Zhaoming, as its presiding bishop. The cathedral complex included a monastery, a convent, a church, a nursing home, the Shoushan Andao School, and a Catholic council. The bishop's residence covered an area of over 50 mu (approximately 3.3 hectares) and had over 200 rooms.
In 1937, to celebrate her son's ascension to the position of presiding bishop, Bishop Kong's mother sponsored the construction of the Gothic-style Andao Cathedral, a blend of Chinese and Western architectural styles, using 45 kilograms of gold. Construction was completed in 1940. The cathedral is 46 meters long from north to south, 26 meters wide from east to west, with an nave 14.5 meters high. The twin-spired bell tower with a cast-iron cross reaches a height of 43 meters, with a building area of 1196 square meters. The church facade is in the Gothic architectural style, while the main body is in the Chinese architectural style, with barrel tiles and tiger-head eaves. When viewed from above, it resembles the Chinese character "羊" (sheep), symbolizing "Christ's sheepfold." Upon entering the church, the view is unobstructed, and it was once praised by the Chinese people in the 1930s as the "Great Hall Without Beams." The church is magnificent and imposing, exquisitely crafted, resembling a fine brick sculpture. In this century, it has been praised by the Chinese people as one of the "Four Great Gothic Churches of China," alongside those in Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Qingdao. In March 1938, Norman Bethune stayed overnight at the church on his way to Yan'an. In 1943, the invading Japanese army, using the church as a pretext, summoned Allied aircraft to bomb Xinjiang, and ordered the church to demolish the bell tower within three days. Ultimately, due to the church's imposing size, their plan failed. In 1954, the church was used as a granary. In 1966, during the Cultural Revolution, the church was sealed off, and Red Guards demolished the twin spires and central triangular screen of Andao Church. In 1980, with the opening of religious services, the government returned Andao Church to the church, but its more than 40 mu of land remained occupied by the Beijing Military Region. In 1988, Bishop Zheng Shouduo oversaw the restoration of the twin spires of Andao Cathedral. On June 6, 2016, the Shanxi Provincial People's Government designated it a "Provincial-level Cultural Relics Protection Unit."