Water Margin Liangshan is located in Liangshan County, Jining City, Shandong Province. It is the birthplace of the story of the Chinese classical literary masterpiece "Water Margin" and the only national AAAA-level tourist attraction in the country with the theme of peasant uprising sites. The total area of the scenic area is 4.6 square kilometers. It consists of four main peaks such as Hutou Peak and Xueshan Peak and seven branches. The main peak is 197.9 meters above sea level. The mountain is densely vegetated and the forest coverage rate reaches 95%.
Historical context
Liangshan was called "Liangshan" in ancient times because King Liang Xiao of the Western Han Dynasty was buried here. From the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, the Yellow River broke many times to form the "Eight Hundred Miles of Water Margin", which became a natural barrier. In the first year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1119), Song Jiang led 36 heroes to gather here to resist the corruption of the court. His deeds were widely circulated in Yuan Zaju and among the people. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Shi Naian created "Water Margin" based on this, making Liangshan famous all over the world. In the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty (1642), the imperial court carried out devastating damage to Liangshan due to frequent peasant uprisings. In the 1980s, Liangshan County launched a restoration project to gradually restore the landscape of the Water Margin Stronghold. In 2023, the scenic area received more than 130,000 tourists.
Cultural Value
Liangshan is a symbol of "loyalty culture", and its spiritual core has profoundly influenced Chinese folk culture. There are more than 20 scenic spots in the scenic area, including the Loyalty Hall, Black Wind Mouth, and Broken Gold Pavilion. Among them, the Loyalty Hall is the core building, designed by the artist of CCTV's "Water Margin", which reproduces the scene of the Liangshan heroes' deliberation. In addition, Liangshan is one of the four birthplaces of Chinese martial arts, and is as famous as Shaolin and Wudang. Folk activities such as cockfighting and sheep fighting and intangible cultural heritage performances (such as Shandong Kuaishu and Lianhualuo) in the scenic area show the unique charm of Water Margin culture. In recent years, Liangshan County has relied on the cultural resources of the Water Margin to create a "loyalty culture demonstration zone", held the Water Margin Cultural Tourism Festival in succession, and built projects such as Juyi Lake and Pingyuan Reservoir to reproduce the "mountain and water integration" water park artistic conception.
Ecological protection and tourism development
Liangshan County attaches great importance to ecological restoration, implements the "Green Liangshan" project, completes the greening of 170 acres of barren hills, builds 7.8 kilometers of ecological corridors along the Yellow River, and implements the forest chief system to strengthen forest resource management. The scenic area combines natural and cultural landscapes, develops situational dramas such as "Heroes Welcoming Guests" and "Yang Zhi Selling Knives", as well as Hanfu experience, study tours and other projects, and the annual number of tourists received continues to grow. As the intersection of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt and the Yellow River Ecological Economic Belt, Liangshan is promoting the integrated development of culture and tourism with the brand of "Hometown of Water Margin, Loyal Liangshan", and has become an important cultural tourism destination in Shandong.