Jinniushan Relic Site

Jinniushan Culture is the representative of the early Paleolithic culture in Northeast China. The discovery of the "Jinniushan Man" fossils filled the blank of human development in this period, and provided a wealth of physical data for the study of the physical characteristics and physical evolution of ape-human beings. This discovery was rated as a national key cultural relics protection unit. The Jinniushan Paleoanthropic Site Exhibition Hall has been built to display some of the human skeleton fossils unearthed at that time and the living environment and living scenes at that time. According to the research and scientific determination of stratigraphy and fauna, the geological age of the "Jinniushan Man" was the late Middle Pleistocene; about 280,000 years ago. The stone products of Jinniushan culture are made of vein quartz, and the shape is similar to the bipolar stone core of Beijing people. A layer of ash about 30 cm thick was found in the formation, with two circular ash piles on it. The ash layer and ash heap contain a large amount of burnt bones and stones, indicating that humans at that time not only used fire but also managed it. There are many limb bones of rabbits, rodents and deer in the burnt bones. These animals were the main objects of people's hunting at that time. The animal fossils that coexist with the Jinniushan culture are very rich, and the important ones include saber-toothed tiger, mutant wolf, Chinese raccoon dog, three-door horse, Mei's rhinoceros, swollen horned deer, giant beaver and giant macaque. Their presence indicates an older geological age of the culture. The fauna, like those at the Peking Man site, mostly prefers warmth, and it is inferred that the climate at that time was warm and humid. The existence of giant macaques and saber-toothed tigers indicates that the Jinniushan area was densely forested and overgrown with shrubs; while the discovery of three-door horses and giant beavers indicates that there were vast grasslands and open waters nearby.